第二章单元测试

1、

Recognizing the Summary：For the following paragraphs， choose the summary you think is best.Sociolinguistics is concerned with the ethnography of speaking， that is， with cultural and subcultural patterns of speech variation in different social contexts.The sociolinguist might ask， for example， what kinds of things one talks about in casual conversations with a stranger.A foreigner may know English vocabulary and grammar well but may not know that one typically chats with a stranger about the weather or where one comes from， and not about what one ate that day or how much money one earns.A foreigner may be familiar with much of the culture of a North American city， but if that person divulges the real state of his or her health and feelings to the first person who says， “How are you？” he or she has much to learn about “small talk” in North American English.Similarly， North Americans tend to get confused in societies where greetings are quite different from ours.People in some other societies may ask a greeting， “Where are you going？” or “What are you cooking？” Some Americans may think such questions are rude； others may try to answer in excruciating detail， not realizing that only vague answers are expected， just as we don’t really expect a detailed answer when we ask people “How are you？”（qtd.from Judith Resnick &； Lanny Lester， Text &； Thought， pp.194-195）

A.Conversation differs around the worlD.B.Sociolinguists are interested in how speech is used in different cultures and different social contexts， such as in making small talk and greeting people.

C.A foreigner may be familiar with the English language but not with the appropriate topics for making small talk.

D.North Americans may not respond appropriately to greetings in other societies.

正确答案：Sociolinguists are interested in how speech is used in different cultures and different social contexts， such as in making small talk and greeting people.

2、You could simply wind up with tossed word salad.On the other hand， carefully written sentences can help show how the separate/individual facts and ideas fit together to build the（）of the whole.

A.means

B.meaning

C.mean

D.meaned

正确答案：meaning

3、If your sentences are carelessly formed/written， not only will the summary be unreadable， you will also lose the connection among the pieces of（）in the summary.